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Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3)

Material
LiNbO3

Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3) possesses a combination of unique electro-optical, acoustic, piezoelectric, photoelastic and non-linear optical properties with exhibiting mechanical and chemical stability.

Lithium Niobate is strongly birefringent, lacks inversion symmetry and displays Pockels effect. Its birefringence is highly temperature dependent, that’s why accurate heating of the crystal can be used to achieve phase matching in the medium. It possesses large effective non-linear, electro-optic and acousto-optic coefficients.

Lithium Niobate is commonly used in electro-optical, acousto-optical and non-linear optical devices, Pockels cells, optical parametric oscillators, optical switches for gigahertz frequencies, high-temperature acoustic transducers, receivers-transmitters of acoustic vibrations, laser frequency doubling, Q-switching devices for lasers.

The transverse modulation is mostly employed for LiNbO3 crystal for using as frequency doubler for wavelength >1 µm and optical parametric oscillator (OPO) pumped at 1064 nm as well as quasi-phase-matched waveguide doublers.

Typical Applications/Devices for Lithium Niobate products:
SHG und OPO pumped by Nd:YAG laser
Electro-optical devices
SAW (surface acoustic wave) devices
Properties

Optical Property

Transmission Range, µm

0.32 – 5.60

Refractive Index, at 1300 nm

ne = 2.146
no = 2.220

Reflection Loss, %

26.57
24.71

Optical Homogeneity, 1/cm

5 x 10-5

NLO Coefficients, pm/V

d33 = 34.40
d31 = d15 = 5.95
d22 = 3.07

Damage Threshold, MW/cm2 at 10 ns

200

Efficiency NLO Coefficients, pm/V

deff = 5.7 for frequency doubling 1300 nm
deff = 5.3 for OPO pumped at 1300 nm
deff = 17.6 for quasi-phase-matched structure

Absorption loss, %/cm at 1064 nm

< 0.1

 

Physical Property

Density, g/cm3

4.64

Solublity

insoluble in H2O

Type of Material

Single crystal, synthetic

Crystal Structure

Trigonal, space group R3c

Melting Point, +/- 5 °C

1255

Thermal Conductivity, W/(m · K) at 25 °C

38

Thermal Expansion, 1/°C at 25 °C

2.0 x 10-6

Mohs Hardness, indenter load 600g

5

Curie Point, +/- 5 °C

1140

Relative Dielectric Constant, T11/e0:

85.0

Relative Dielectric Constant, T33/e0:

29.0

Absorption Coefficient, %/cm at 1064

0.1

Specific Heat Capacity, J/(kg · K)

628

Dielectric Constant, at 100 KHz

εa = 85
εa = 29

Elastic Coefficient, GPa

C11 = 203.0
C12 = 57.3
C13 = 75.2
C14 = 8.5
C33 = 242.4
C44 = 59.5
C66 = 72.8

 

Spectral properties

 

 

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