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Quartz

Material
Quartz 

Single crystalline Quartz (SiO2) is a crystal that occurs both naturally and is produced synthetically by means of hydrothermal synthesis. In the wavelength range between 0.3 µm and 2.7 µm, the transmission ratio is over 90 %. In contrast to quartz glass, monocrystalline quartz has strong birefringence. Quartz exists as alpha quartz (low quartz) by default, at a temperature above 573 °C the crystal structure changes to beta quartz (high quartz). This is a reversible process, but can lead to cracks and fractures in the material.

Quartz is mainly used as a polarizer, in piezoelectric devices, in FIR optics, as a VUV filter, and in microscopes.

Properties
Optical and spectral properties
Transmission range in µm (minimum 10%)
0,15‐4,8
Transmission range in µm (minimum 50%)
0,15‐4,1
Refractive index @633nm
1,543 (no)

1,552 (neo)

Reflection losses in % at 1 surface
6.94 @2.9µm
Reflection losses, % for two surfaces
8,8@0,6µm
dN/dT in 1/K
5 · 10-6
Physical properties
Density in g/cm3
2,65
Melting point in °C
1710
Specific heat capacity in J/(kg · K)
710
Thermal conductivity in W/(m · K)
10,7 (parallel)

6.2 (perpendicular)

Thermal expansion in 1/K
13,2 · 10-6 (parallel)

7,9 · 10-6 (perpendicular)

Dielectric constant
4,34 (parallel)

4.27 (perpendicular)

Solubility in water in g/100g
insoluble
Mohs hardness
7
Knoop hardness in kg/mm²
710
Material type
single crystalline, synthetic
Crystal type
trigonal
Crystal structure
amorphous
Lattice constant in Å
a = 4,914

c = 12,405

Elastic coefficient in GPa
C11 = 87

C12 = 7

C33 = 106

C44 = 58

C13 = 13

C14 = -18

Young's Modulus (E) in Gpa
97,2 (parallel)

76.5 (perpendicular)

Shear Modulus (G) in GPa
31,14
Bulk Modulus (K) in GPa
98
Apparent elastic limit in MPa
55
Poisson's ratio
0,17
Spectral properties
sample thickness: 2 mm
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