Lithium Niobate
LiNbO3
Lithium Niobate (LiNbO3) possesses a combination of unique electro-optical, acoustic, piezoelectric, photoelastic and non-linear optical properties with exhibiting mechanical and chemical stability.
Lithium Niobate is strongly birefringent, lacks inversion symmetry and displays Pockels effect. Its birefringence is highly temperature dependent. That's why accurate heating of the crystal can be used to achieve phase matching in the medium. It possesses large effective non-linear, electro-optic and acousto-optic coefficients.
Lithium Niobate is commonly used in electro-optical, acousto-optical and non-linear optical devices, Pockels cells, optical parametric oscillators (OPO), optical switches for gigahertz frequencies, high-temperature acoustic transducers, receivers and transmitters of acoustic vibrations, laser frequency doubling, Q-switching devices for lasers.
The transverse modulation is mostly employed for lithium niobate crystals for using as frequency doubler for wavelength >1µm and OPO pumped at 1064nm as well as quasi-phase-matched frequency doublers.
Optical and spectral properties | |
|---|---|
Transmission range | 320 ‐ 5600
|
Refractive index @1300 nm | ne=2,146 no=2,220 |
Reflection losses in % at 1 surface @ 633 nm | 14,6 |
optical homogeneity in 1/cm | 5·10-5 |
NLO coefficients in pm/V | d33= 34,40 d31=d15= 5,95 d22= 3,07 |
Damage threshold in MW/cm2 (10ns) | 200
|
Absorption loss in %/cm @1064 nm | < 0,1 |
Physical properties | |
|---|---|
Density in g/cm3 | 4,64
|
Melting point in °C | 1253
|
Specific heat capacity in J/(kg · K) | 628
|
Thermal conductivity in W/(m · K) @25°C | 4,19 (⊥ c-axis) 4,6 (∥ c-axis) |
Thermal expansion in 1/K @25°C | 14,8 · 10-6 (⊥ c-axis) 4,1 · 10-6 (∥ c-axis) |
Dielectric constant @298K, 100kH |
82
|
Solubility in water in g/100g | insoluble |
Mohs hardness | 5 |
Knoop hardness in kg/mm² | 630
|
Material type | single crystalline, synthetic
|
Crystal structure | hexagonal
|
Lattice constants in Å | a = 5,15 c = 13,86 |
Elastic coefficient in GPa | C11 = 202 C12 = 55 C13 = 71 C14 = 8,3 C33 = 242 C44 = 60,1
|
Young's Modulus (E) in Gpa | 170
|
Shear Modulus (G) in GPa | 68 |
Bulk Modulus (K) in GPa | 112 |
Poisson's ratio | 0,25
|
Spectral properties | |
|---|---|
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sample thickness: 1,7 mm | |
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