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Germanium

Optical and spectral properties
Transmission range in µm (minimum 10%)
1,8‐24
Transmission range in µm (minimum 50%)
–
Refractive index @633nm
4,104

(4,002 @11µm)

Reflection losses in % at 1 surface
36,04 @10µm
Reflection losses, % for two surfaces
53 @11µm
dN/dT in 1/K
396 · 10-6
Physical properties
Density in g/cm3
5,327
Melting point in °C
938,25
Specific heat capacity in J/(kg · K)
310
Thermal conductivity in W/(m · K)
58,61
Thermal expansion in 1/K
5,9 · 10-6 @293K
Dielectric constant
16,6
Solubility in water in g/100g
insoluble
Mohs hardness
6
Knoop hardness in kg/mm²
800
Material type
single crystalline, synthetic
Crystal type
cubic, face-centered, diamond structure
Crystal structure
Fm3m
Lattice constant in Å
a = 5,62
Elastic coefficient in GPa
C11 = 129

C12 = 48,3

C44 = 67,1

Young's Modulus (E) in Gpa
102,7
Shear Modulus (G) in GPa
67
Bulk Modulus (K) in GPa
77,2
Rupture Modulus in MPa
110
Apparent elastic limit in MPa
89,6
Poisson's ratio
0,2
Spectral properties
Optical Properties
Transmission range in µm @10% min. 1.8 - 24
Transmission range in µm @50% min. -
Refractive index @633nm 4.10417
(4.0026 @11µm)
Reflection losses in % at 1 surface 36.04 @10µm
Reflection losses in % at 2 surfaces 53 @10.6µm
dn/dT in 1/K 396 · 10-6
Physical Properties
Density in g/cm³ 5.327
Melting point in °C 938.25
Specific heat capacity in J/(kg · K) 310
Thermal Conductivity in W/(m · K) 58.61
Thermal Expansion in 1/K 5.9 · 10-6 @293K
Dielectric constant 16.6
Solubility in water in g/100g unsoluble
Mohs hardness 6
Knoop hardness in kg/mm² 800
Material type Single crystal, synthetic
Crystal type cubic face-centered, diamond structure
Crystal structure Fd3m
Lattice constant in Å a = 5.62
Elastic coeficients in GPa C11 = 129
C12 = 48.3
C44 = 67.1
Young's Modulus (E) in GPa 102.7
Shear Modulus (G) in GPa 67
Bulk Modulus (K) in GPa 77.2
Rupture Modulus in MPa 110
Apparent elastic limit in MPa 8926
Poisson ratio 0.2
Spectral Properties